File::MimeInfo - Determine file type
use File::MimeInfo; my $mime_type = mimetype($file);
This module can be used to determine the mime type of a file. It tries to implement the freedesktop specification for a shared MIME database.
For this module shared-mime-info-spec 0.13 was used.
This package only uses the globs file. No real magic checking is used. The File::MimeInfo::Magic package is provided for magic typing.
If you want to detemine the mimetype of data in a memory buffer you should use File::MimeInfo::Magic in combination with IO::Scalar.
This module loads the various data files when needed. If you want to
hash data ealier see the rehash methods below.
The method mimetype is exported by default.
The methods inodetype, globs, extensions, describe,
mimetype_canon and mimetype_isa can be exported on demand.
new()
use File::MimeInfo ();
to avoid importing sub mimetype().
mimetype($file)
Returns a mimetype string for $file, returns undef on failure.
This method bundles inodetype and globs.
If these methods are unsuccessful the file is read and the mimetype defaults
to 'text/plain' or to 'application/octet-stream' when the first ten chars
of the file match ascii control chars (white spaces excluded).
If the file doesn't exist or isn't readable undef is returned.
inodetype($file)
globs($file)
Returns a mimetype string for $file based on the filename and filename extensions.
Returns undef on failure. The file doesn't need to exist.
Behaviour in list context (wantarray) is unspecified and will change in future releases.
default($file)
This method decides whether a file is binary or plain text by looking at the first few bytes in the file. Used to decide between "text/plain" and "application/octet-stream" if all other methods have failed.
The spec states that we should check for the ascii control chars and let higher bit chars pass to allow utf8. We try to be more intelligent using perl utf8 support.
extensions($mimetype)
describe($mimetype, $lang)
Returns a description of this mimetype as supplied by the mime info database.
You can specify a language with the optional parameter $lang, this should be
the two letter language code used in the xml files. Also you can set the global
variable $File::MimeInfo::LANG to specify a language.
This method returns undef when no xml file was found (i.e. the mimetype doesn't exist in the database). It returns an empty string when the xml file doesn't contain a description in the language you specified.
Currently no real xml parsing is done, it trusts the xml files are nicely formatted.
mimetype_canon($mimetype)
Returns the canonical mimetype for a given mimetype. Deprecated mimetypes are typically aliased to their canonical variants. This method only checks aliases, doesn't check whether the mimetype exists.
Use this method as a filter when you take a mimetype as input.
mimetype_isa($mimetype)
mimetype_isa($mimetype, $mimetype)
When give only one argument this method returns a list with mimetypes that are parent classes for this mimetype.
When given two arguments returns true if the second mimetype is a parent class of the first one.
This method checks the subclasses table and applies a few rules for implicite subclasses.
rehash()
Rehash the data files. Glob information is preparsed when this method is called.
If you want to by-pass the XDG basedir system you can specify your database
directories by setting @File::MimeInfo::DIRS. But normally it is better to
change the XDG basedir environment variables.
rehash_aliases()
rehash_subclasses()
This module throws an exception when it can't find any data files, when it can't open a data file it found for reading or when a subroutine doesn't get enough arguments. In the first case you either don't have the freedesktop mime info database installed, or your environment variables point to the wrong places, in the second case you have the database installed, but it is broken (the mime info database should logically be world readable).
Make an option for using some caching mechanism to reduce init time.
Make describe() use real xml parsing ?
Perl versions prior to 5.8.0 do not have the ':utf8' IO Layer, thus for the default method and for reading the xml files utf8 is not supported for these versions.
Since it is not possible to distinguish between encoding types (utf8, latin1, latin2 etc.) in a straightforward manner only utf8 is supported (because the spec recommends this).
This module does not yet check extended attributes for a mimetype. Patches for this are very welcome.
Please mail the author when you encounter any bugs.
Jaap Karssenberg || Pardus [Larus] <pardus@cpan.org>
Copyright (c) 2003,2008 Jaap G Karssenberg. All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
File::BaseDir, File::MimeInfo::Magic, File::MimeInfo::Applications, File::MimeInfo::Rox