Perl::Critic::Config - The final derived Perl::Critic configuration, combined from any profile file and command-line parameters.
Perl::Critic::Config takes care of finding and processing user-preferences for Perl::Critic. The Config object defines which Policy modules will be loaded into the Perl::Critic engine and how they should be configured. You should never really need to instantiate Perl::Critic::Config directly because the Perl::Critic constructor will do it for you.
new( [ -profile => $FILE, -severity => $N, -theme => $string, -include => \@PATTERNS, -exclude => \@PATTERNS, -single-policy => $PATTERN, -top => $N, -only => $B, -profile-strictness => $PROFILE_STRICTNESS_{WARN|FATAL|QUIET}, -force => $B, -verbose => $N, -color => $B, -criticism-fatal => $B] )
new()
Returns a reference to a new Perl::Critic::Config object. The default value for all arguments can be defined in your .perlcriticrc file. See the "CONFIGURATION" section for more information about that. All arguments are optional key-value pairs as follows:
-profile is a path to a configuration file. If $FILE is not
defined, Perl::Critic::Config attempts to find a .perlcriticrc
configuration file in the current directory, and then in your home
directory. Alternatively, you can set the PERLCRITIC environment
variable to point to a file in another location. If a configuration
file can't be found, or if $FILE is an empty string, then all
Policies will be loaded with their default configuration. See
"CONFIGURATION" for more information.
-severity is the minimum severity level. Only Policy modules that
have a severity greater than $N will be loaded into this Config.
Severity values are integers ranging from 1 (least severe) to 5 (most
severe). The default is 5. For a given -profile, decreasing the
-severity will usually result in more Policy violations. Users can
redefine the severity level for any Policy in their .perlcriticrc
file. See "CONFIGURATION" for more information.
-theme is special string that defines a set of Policies based on
their respective themes. If -theme is given, only policies that
are members of that set will be loaded. See the "POLICY THEMES"
section for more information about themes. Unless the -severity
option is explicitly given, setting -theme causes the -severity
to be set to 1.
-include is a reference to a list of string @PATTERNS. Policies
that match at least one m/$PATTERN/imx will be loaded into this
Config, irrespective of the severity settings. You can use it in
conjunction with the -exclude option. Note that -exclude takes
precedence over -include when a Policy matches both patterns.
-exclude is a reference to a list of string @PATTERNS. Polices
that match at least one m/$PATTERN/imx will not be loaded into this
Config, irrespective of the severity settings. You can use it in
conjunction with the -include option. Note that -exclude takes
precedence over -include when a Policy matches both patterns.
-single-policy is a string PATTERN. Only the policy that matches
m/$PATTERN/imx will be used. This value overrides the
-severity, -theme, -include, -exclude, and -only
options.
-top is the maximum number of Violations to return when ranked by
their severity levels. This must be a positive integer. Violations
are still returned in the order that they occur within the file.
Unless the -severity option is explicitly given, setting -top
silently causes the -severity to be set to 1.
-only is a boolean value. If set to a true value, Perl::Critic will only choose from Policies that are mentioned in the user's profile. If set to a false value (which is the default), then Perl::Critic chooses from all the Policies that it finds at your site.
-profile-strictness is an enumerated value, one of
Perl::Critic::Utils::Constants/"$PROFILE_STRICTNESS_WARN" (the
default),
Perl::Critic::Utils::Constants/"$PROFILE_STRICTNESS_FATAL", and
Perl::Critic::Utils::Constants/"$PROFILE_STRICTNESS_QUIET". If set
to Perl::Critic::Utils::Constants/"$PROFILE_STRICTNESS_FATAL",
Perl::Critic will make certain warnings about problems found in a
.perlcriticrc or file specified via the -profile option fatal.
For example, Perl::Critic normally only warns about profiles
referring to non-existent Policies, but this value makes this
situation fatal. Correspondingly,
Perl::Critic::Utils::Constants/"$PROFILE_STRICTNESS_QUIET" makes
Perl::Critic shut up about these things.
-force controls whether Perl::Critic observes the magical "## no
critic" pseudo-pragmas in your code. If set to a true value,
Perl::Critic will analyze all code. If set to a false value (which is
the default) Perl::Critic will ignore code that is tagged with these
comments. See Perl::Critic/"BENDING THE RULES" for more
information.
-verbose can be a positive integer (from 1 to 10), or a literal format specification. See Perl::Critic::Violations for an explanation of format specifications.
-color is not used by Perl::Critic but is provided for the benefit of perlcritic.
-criticism-fatal is not used by Perl::Critic but is provided for the benefit of criticism.
add_policy( -policy => $policy_name, -params => \%param_hash )
Creates a Policy object and loads it into this Config. If the object cannot be instantiated, it will throw a fatal exception. Otherwise, it returns a reference to this Critic.
-policy is the name of a Perl::Critic::Policy subclass
module. The 'Perl::Critic::Policy' portion of the name can be
omitted for brevity. This argument is required.
-params is an optional reference to a hash of Policy parameters. The contents of this hash reference will be passed into to the constructor of the Policy module. See the documentation in the relevant Policy module for a description of the arguments it supports.
policies()
exclude()
-exclude attribute for this Config.
include()
-include attribute for this Config.
force()
-force attribute for this Config.
only()
-only attribute for this Config.
profile_strictness()
-profile-strictness attribute for this
Config.
severity()
-severity attribute for this Config.
single_policy()
-single-policy attribute for this Config.
theme()
top()
-top attribute for this Config.
verbose()
-verbose attribute for this Config.
color()
-color attribute for this Config.
criticism_fatal()
-criticsm-fatal attribute for this Config.
Perl::Critic::Config has a few static subroutines that are used internally, but may be useful to you in some way.
site_policy_names()
Most of the settings for Perl::Critic and each of the Policy modules
can be controlled by a configuration file. The default configuration
file is called .perlcriticrc. Perl::Critic::Config will look
for this file in the current directory first, and then in your home
directory. Alternatively, you can set the PERLCRITIC environment
variable to explicitly point to a different file in another location.
If none of these files exist, and the -profile option is not given
to the constructor, then all Policies will be loaded with their
default configuration.
The format of the configuration file is a series of INI-style blocks that contain key-value pairs separated by '='. Comments should start with '#' and can be placed on a separate line or after the name-value pairs if you desire.
Default settings for Perl::Critic itself can be set before the first named block. For example, putting any or all of these at the top of your configuration file will set the default value for the corresponding Perl::Critic constructor argument.
severity = 3 #Integer from 1 to 5
only = 1 #Zero or One
force = 0 #Zero or One
verbose = 4 #Integer or format spec
top = 50 #A positive integer
theme = risky + (pbp * security) - cosmetic #A theme expression
include = NamingConventions ClassHierarchies #Space-delimited list
exclude = Variables Modules::RequirePackage #Space-delimited list
color = 1 #Zero or One
The remainder of the configuration file is a series of blocks like this:
[Perl::Critic::Policy::Category::PolicyName]
severity = 1
set_themes = foo bar
add_themes = baz
arg1 = value1
arg2 = value2
Perl::Critic::Policy::Category::PolicyName is the full name of a
module that implements the policy. The Policy modules distributed
with Perl::Critic have been grouped into categories according to the
table of contents in Damian Conway's book Perl Best Practices. For
brevity, you can omit the 'Perl::Critic::Policy' part of the
module name.
severity is the level of importance you wish to assign to the
Policy. All Policy modules are defined with a default severity value
ranging from 1 (least severe) to 5 (most severe). However, you may
disagree with the default severity and choose to give it a higher or
lower severity, based on your own coding philosophy.
The remaining key-value pairs are configuration parameters that will be passed into the constructor of that Policy. The constructors for most Policy modules do not support arguments, and those that do should have reasonable defaults. See the documentation on the appropriate Policy module for more details.
Instead of redefining the severity for a given Policy, you can
completely disable a Policy by prepending a '-' to the name of the
module in your configuration file. In this manner, the Policy will
never be loaded, regardless of the -severity given to the
Perl::Critic::Config constructor.
A simple configuration might look like this:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# I think these are really important, so always load them
[TestingAndDebugging::RequireUseStrict]
severity = 5
[TestingAndDebugging::RequireUseWarnings]
severity = 5
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# I think these are less important, so only load when asked
[Variables::ProhibitPackageVars]
severity = 2
[ControlStructures::ProhibitPostfixControls]
allow = if unless #My custom configuration
severity = 2
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# Give these policies a custom theme. I can activate just
# these policies by saying (-theme => 'larry + curly')
[Modules::RequireFilenameMatchesPackage]
add_themes = larry
[TestingAndDebugging::RequireTestLables]
add_themes = curly moe
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# I do not agree with these at all, so never load them
[-NamingConventions::ProhibitMixedCaseVars]
[-NamingConventions::ProhibitMixedCaseSubs]
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# For all other Policies, I accept the default severity, theme
# and other parameters, so no additional configuration is
# required for them.
For additional configuration examples, see the perlcriticrc file that is included in this t/examples directory of this distribution.
A large number of Policy modules are distributed with Perl::Critic. They are described briefly in the companion document Perl::Critic::PolicySummary and in more detail in the individual modules themselves.
Each Policy is defined with one or more "themes". Themes can be used to create arbitrary groups of Policies. They are intended to provide an alternative mechanism for selecting your preferred set of Policies. For example, you may wish disable a certain subset of Policies when analyzing test scripts. Conversely, you may wish to enable only a specific subset of Policies when analyzing modules.
The Policies that ship with Perl::Critic are have been broken into the following themes. This is just our attempt to provide some basic logical groupings. You are free to invent new themes that suit your needs.
THEME DESCRIPTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
core All policies that ship with Perl::Critic
pbp Policies that come directly from "Perl Best Practices"
bugs Policies that that prevent or reveal bugs
maintenance Policies that affect the long-term health of the code
cosmetic Policies that only have a superficial effect
complexity Policies that specificaly relate to code complexity
security Policies that relate to security issues
tests Policies that are specific to test scripts
Say `perlcritic -list` to get a listing of all available policies
and the themes that are associated with each one. You can also change
the theme for any Policy in your .perlcriticrc file. See the
"CONFIGURATION" section for more information about that.
Using the -theme option, you can combine theme names with mathematical and
boolean operators to create an arbitrarily complex expression that represents
a custom "set" of Policies. The following operators are supported
Operator Alternative Meaning ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- * and Intersection - not Difference + or Union
Operator precedence is the same as that of normal mathematics. You can also use parenthesis to enforce precedence. Here are some examples:
Expression Meaning
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
pbp * bugs All policies that are "pbp" AND "bugs"
pbp and bugs Ditto
bugs + cosmetic All policies that are "bugs" OR "cosmetic"
bugs or cosmetic Ditto
pbp - cosmetic All policies that are "pbp" BUT NOT "cosmetic"
pbp not cosmetic Ditto
-maintenance All policies that are NOT "maintenance"
not maintenance Ditto
(pbp - bugs) * complexity All policies that are "pbp" BUT NOT "bugs",
AND "complexity"
(pbp not bugs) and complexity Ditto
Theme names are case-insensitive. If -theme is set to an empty string,
then it is equivalent to the set of all Policies. A theme name that doesn't
exist is equivalent to an empty set. Please See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set for a discussion on set theory.
Perl::Critic::OptionsProcessor, Perl::Critic::UserProfile
Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer <thaljef@cpan.org>
Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer. All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. The full text of this license can be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.